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Carbon Hub → Reporting & Compliance
ESG & compliance, the practical layer

Carbon reporting & compliance — what industry must disclose in 2026

The rest of this hub prices your carbon. This section covers the other invoice: what you must report — to Companies House, to Brussels, to your auditor, to the customer's procurement portal — and how a measured efficiency saving becomes a line in each of those documents. Every guide names the legal text it's based on.

7
reporting frameworks — one guide each
23
industry reporting profiles
SECR · CSRD · CBAM
+ ESOS · SBTi · tender CRP
kW → £ / t CO₂e
Carbon Savings Certificate tool
Carbon Savings Certificate tool →Your industry's reporting profile
What changed in 2026 · reviewed 19 June 2026

The Omnibus reset — read this before you assume you're in scope

  • CSRD scope cut ~80%. Omnibus I Directive (EU) 2026/47 (in force 18 Mar 2026) raised the threshold to >1,000 employees AND >€450M turnover. Many mid-size industrials are no longer directly in scope — but supply-chain ESRS E1 data requests still reach you. What this means →
  • CBAM is definitive (from 1 Jan 2026) but the Omnibus added a 50 t/yr de-minimis (≈90% of importers exempt, 99% of emissions still covered), postponed certificate sales to 1 Feb 2027, and cut the holding requirement to 50%. The declaration →
  • UK is unchanged: SECR stays annual; ESOS Phase 4 is due 5 Dec 2027. The UK did not follow the EU descoping — if anything it's the steadier obligation now.

Net effect for the reporting desk: fewer companies caught by the EU mandate, but more pressure flowing down supply chains (your in-scope customers' SBTi/CSRD requests) — and the UK duties are untouched. The efficiency line below still earns its place in every one of them.

The frameworks

Seven reporting duties, one page each

SECR — UK energy & carbon report
Who is in scope, the four required disclosures, and how an insulation project becomes the 'energy-efficiency action taken' paragraph.
ESOS — UK energy audits & action plans
Phase 4 (deadline 5 Dec 2027), what auditors flag, and why heat-loss findings now carry a public action plan.
CSRD / ESRS E1 — EU climate disclosure
Where efficiency measures land in E1: actions, resources, targets — datapoint by datapoint.
CBAM declaration — the annual filing
Definitive regime from 2026: who files, what's in the declaration, the 50 t de-minimis, verified data vs defaults.
SBTi & customer net-zero demands
Your buyers' science-based targets become YOUR reporting duty — what suppliers are actually asked for.
Carbon Reduction Plans for tenders
UK public contracts >£5M require a published CRP (PPN 06/21 → PPN 006). Structure, the 5 Scope-3 categories, common fails.
Carbon Savings Certificate
Interactive: enter an eliminated heat loss, get the kWh / t CO2e / £ figures formatted for SECR, ESOS, CSRD or a tender — and print the certificate.
Decarbonization initiatives — 12 examples
The proven dozen ranked by payback, with typical savings and the report line each produces.
ESG initiatives for manufacturing
E, S and G with numbers — the initiatives that survive an audit, not pledges.
Scope 1 reduction — worked examples
The fuel math shown: 46 valves → 45 t CO2e/yr, traps, tuning, recovery.
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Every tonne you stop emitting is a tonne you don't have to report: cutting heat loss is a measurable, auditable Scope 1 reduction that flows straight into EU ETS, CBAM and your ESG / CSRD disclosures — not an offset, an actual emission cut.

By industry

What YOUR industry reports — 23 profiles

Frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI your sector benchmarks against, and the computed efficiency line for the report — per industry, with the numbers.

Cement
What a cement site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.7 t CO2/t cement), and the efficiency line for the report.
Steel — BF-BOF (integrated)
What a steel site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈1.9 t CO2/t steel), and the efficiency line for the report.
Steel — EAF (electric arc)
What a steel site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.4 t CO2/t steel direct), and the efficiency line for the report.
Aluminium
What a aluminium site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈1.5–1.7 t CO2/t Al direct from smelting), and the efficiency line for the report.
Ammonia & fertilizers
What a ammonia & fertilizers site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈1.6–2.4 t CO2/t NH3), and the efficiency line for the report.
Oil refining
What a oil refining site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.2–0.3 t CO2/t throughput), and the efficiency line for the report.
Petrochemicals
What a petrochemicals site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈1 t CO2/t high-value chemicals), and the efficiency line for the report.
Glass
What a glass site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.4–0.7 t CO2/t glass), and the efficiency line for the report.
Ceramics & bricks
What a ceramics & bricks site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.2–0.45 t CO2/t), and the efficiency line for the report.
Lime
What a lime site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈1.2 t CO2/t lime), and the efficiency line for the report.
Pulp & paper
What a pulp & paper site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.3–0.6 t fossil CO2/t), and the efficiency line for the report.
Food processing
What a food processing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.1–0.5 t CO2/t product), and the efficiency line for the report.
Dairy processing
What a dairy processing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.1–0.2 t CO2/t milk processed), and the efficiency line for the report.
Brewing
What a brewing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈8–12 kg CO2/hl beer), and the efficiency line for the report.
Sugar
What a sugar site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.2–0.35 t CO2/t sugar), and the efficiency line for the report.
Textiles & dyeing
What a textiles & dyeing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.3–0.5 t CO2/t fabric), and the efficiency line for the report.
Pharmaceuticals
What a pharmaceuticals site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (site-level; cleanroom HVAC + steam dominate), and the efficiency line for the report.
Automotive manufacturing
What a automotive manufacturing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.5–0.7 t CO2 per vehicle produced), and the efficiency line for the report.
District heating
What a district heating site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.2–0.3 t CO2/MWh heat), and the efficiency line for the report.
Power — gas (CCGT)
What a power site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.37 t CO2/MWh at 55-60% efficiency), and the efficiency line for the report.
Power — coal
What a power site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.9–1.0 t CO2/MWh), and the efficiency line for the report.
LNG & gas processing
What a lng & gas processing site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈0.25–0.35 t CO2/t LNG), and the efficiency line for the report.
Hydrogen production
What a hydrogen production site reports — frameworks in scope, the intensity KPI (≈9–11 t CO2/t H2), and the efficiency line for the report.
Already in the hub

Reporting library — related pages

CSRD vs ISSB vs SEC vs UK
The framework comparison table — which regime applies to whom.
Scope 1 emissions
Definition + calculation by fuel — the number every report starts from.
Regulators & grants
Who regulates carbon in 18 countries + named efficiency-funding programmes.
ISO 50001
The energy-management standard — the audit-proof backbone of any reporting story.
Embedded emissions
The CBAM calculation itself, step by step.
Social impact
The S: ≤45 °C touch-safe surfaces, heat stress, retrofit jobs.
FAQ

Reporting, answered

What carbon reporting is mandatory for industrial companies in 2026?
Depends on where you sit: large UK companies file SECR disclosures in the directors' report and complete ESOS audits (Phase 4 by 5 Dec 2027); large EU companies report under CSRD/ESRS E1 (first wave already reporting, later waves delayed by the 2025 Omnibus); EU importers of CBAM goods file the CBAM declaration from 2026; suppliers to net-zero-committed customers face contractual carbon questionnaires (SBTi/CDP); and UK public-sector bidders above £5M need a published Carbon Reduction Plan.
Does an insulation project count in a carbon report?
Yes — in every framework. It reduces Scope 1 (on-site fuel) or Scope 2 (electric heat), and SECR explicitly requires a description of energy-efficiency actions taken in the reporting year. ESOS audits list heat-loss findings; ESRS E1 asks for actions and the resources behind them (E1-3); a tender CRP needs concrete completed measures. The certificate tool on this page turns measured kW into the exact kWh / t CO2e / £ lines those reports need.
What is the difference between carbon pricing and carbon reporting?
Pricing (EU ETS, UK ETS, CBAM) is what a tonne costs you in cash — the rest of this hub covers it. Reporting (SECR, CSRD, SBTi, tender CRPs) is what you must disclose and to whom. The same avoided tonne both cuts the bill and improves the report — which is why efficiency is the rare measure finance and compliance agree on.
How this page is built: framework facts cite the legal text or official guidance named in each section (SECR: Companies (Directors' Report) Regulations 2018; ESOS: Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations; CBAM: Regulation (EU) 2023/956; CSRD/ESRS: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2772). Savings figures follow ASTM C680 / ISO 12241 — the method behind our public calculators. Published by Inzonex Research. This is practical guidance, not legal advice. Framework facts last reviewed 19 June 2026, updated for the Omnibus I Directive (EU) 2026/47. Spotted an error? Tell us.
Source: Inzonex Carbon Hub — inzonex.co.uk/carbon · prices dated as shown on each figure · schedule per Regulation (EU) 2023/956 · indicative analytics, not compliance advice.