CBAM cost = embedded emissions × exported volume × phase-in share × certificate price, minus any carbon price already paid at origin. With verified data you use your real intensity; otherwise EC default values apply. At €75.36/t and 2.5% phase-in, one tonne of BF-BOF steel pays ≈€3.58 in 2026 — and ≈€143 at 100% in 2034.
From our guide: CBAM Calculator 2026 — full context, charts and sources there.