Coal-heavy grid; early-stage market.
Power-sector ETS since 2023 + small carbon tax planned; price ≈US$1–2 (World Bank State & Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025 / ICAP 2025).
At the EU ETS price of €80.01/t, this CO2 corresponds to an indicative carbon value of:
| Facility | Sector | t CO2/yr (est. 2023) | Gross value (full) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dexin Steel Morowali plant | 9,931,987 | €748.5M | |
| Semen Gresik Tuban Cement Plant | 5,147,322 | €387.9M | |
| KS Posco Cilegon steel plant | 4,575,957 | €344.8M | |
| Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Citeureup Cement Plant | 4,236,315 | €319.2M | |
| Semen Tonasa Cement Plant | 3,795,567 | €286.0M |
Gross value = all tracked CO2 × the carbon price; it is a ranking aid, not a liability. Emissions: Climate TRACE satellite estimates (2023) — indicative, not verified declarations. CBAM falls only on emissions embedded in EU-bound exports, at the phased-in share (2.5% in 2026 → 100% by 2034). More: IndustryAtlas.
Cut the bill at the source: heat-loss elimination via removable insulation typically saves 2–5% of fuel-related CO2 with <2-year payback — run the savings study or read the industrial insulation guide.
