≈€28/MWh on gas CCGT (0.37 t/MWh) and ≈€73/MWh on coal (0.95 t/MWh) — carbon is now one of the largest single cost lines in fossil generation.
From our guide: Carbon Pricing & CBAM — full context, charts and sources there.
Boilers, kilns, heat exchangers, valves and steam lines lose energy continuously. Inzonex makes patented (UK GB2508992.1) removable modular insulation — snap-fastened covers engineered per temperature tier, not generic off-the-shelf jackets: