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Carbon Hub → Measures → Clinker substitution (SCMs)
Reduction measure

Clinker substitution (SCMs)

Replacing clinker with slag, fly ash, calcined clay or limestone filler cuts cement's process CO2 in direct proportion — the sector's biggest near-term lever.

Size it for your plant →Carbon bill calculator
The numbers

Cost, effect, payback

MetricValueNote
Abatement cost≈€0–30/t CO2
Addresses20–35% of cement CO2of relevant emissions
Typical payback1–3 yr
Carbon value at full price€77.4/t avoidedEUA 11 Jun 2026
How it works

Mechanism & sizing

LC3 (calcined clay + limestone) reaches ~40% clinker reduction with local clays — the technology transfer story of the decade for cement. Constraints are standards and customer acceptance, not chemistry. Every 10% clinker substitution ≈ −7% cement CO2.

Inzonex removable modular insulation on industrial equipment
Cut the tonnes at the source

Hot industrial equipment? Cut the heat loss.

Boilers, kilns, heat exchangers, valves and steam lines lose energy continuously. Inzonex makes patented (UK GB2508992.1) removable modular insulation — snap-fastened covers engineered per temperature tier, not generic off-the-shelf jackets:

  • Up to 90% less heat loss from insulated surfaces
  • Surface temperature ≤45 °C — touch-safe for workers (EN ISO 13732-1)
  • 6× faster maintenance access than fixed cut-and-weld lagging — unclips and refits in minutes, no destruction
  • Inspectable — comes off to check for corrosion under insulation, then refits like-new (generic jackets often don't survive removal)
  • Typical payback under 2 years (some 9–11 months)
See Inzonex process-equipment insulation →Run the savings study
Where it applies

Industries where clinker substitution (scms) earns first

Cement
≈0.7 t CO2/t cement
Lime
≈1.2 t CO2/t lime
FAQ

Clinker substitution (SCMs), answered

What is LC3?
Limestone Calcined Clay Cement: ~50% clinker, ~30% calcined clay, ~15% limestone — comparable strength, ~40% lower CO2, using widely available clays.
Why doesn't everyone substitute more?
Standards, supply of quality SCMs (slag/ash shrink as steel/coal decline) and customer specs. Calcined clay breaks the supply constraint.
Does CBAM see clinker ratio?
Yes — embedded emissions follow actual production data: low-clinker exporters carry directly lower CBAM bills.
How this page is built: heat-loss figures follow ASTM C680 / ISO 12241 (the method behind our public calculators); facility emissions from Climate TRACE & EU ETS verified data across 30,000+ industrial sites; the 2026–2034 schedule is Regulation (EU) 2023/956, not a forecast. Published by Inzonex — manufacturer of modular removable insulation (UK Patent GB2508992.1). Spotted an error? Tell us — we correct on evidence.
Source: Inzonex Carbon Hub — inzonex.co.uk/carbon · prices dated as shown on each figure · schedule per Regulation (EU) 2023/956 · indicative analytics, not compliance advice.