Ladle and tundish cycles, preheaters and the steam system. Ladle insulation and lid discipline reduce required tap temperature — a direct kWh/heat saving every melt.
From our guide: Decarbonizing Steel — full context, charts and sources there.
Boilers, kilns, heat exchangers, valves and steam lines lose energy continuously. Inzonex makes patented (UK GB2508992.1) removable modular insulation — snap-fastened covers engineered per temperature tier, not generic off-the-shelf jackets: