Yes — physical imports into the EU grid. Coal-heavy neighbours exporting power to the EU pay embedded carbon at the border.
From our guide: Decarbonizing Power — full context, charts and sources there.
Boilers, kilns, heat exchangers, valves and steam lines lose energy continuously. Inzonex makes patented (UK GB2508992.1) removable modular insulation — snap-fastened covers engineered per temperature tier, not generic off-the-shelf jackets: