Oil refining in Spain: emitters, CO2 & carbon value

9 tracked facilities, ≈16,333,440 t CO2/yr combined — here are the largest, what that CO2 is worth at current prices, and the sector's reduction pathway. Full sector pathway: decarbonizing oil refining.

The numbers

Oil refining in Spain at a glance

Metric	Value	Note
Facilities tracked	9	with CO2 estimates
Total est. CO2	16,333,440 t/yr	Climate TRACE 2023
Average per facility	1,814,827 t/yr
Indicative carbon value	€1,264M/yr	at €77.4/t EUA

Carbon pricing here: No general CO2 tax (small F-gas tax only) — EU ETS is the carbon price. Current benchmark: €77.4/t (11 Jun 2026). Full country page: carbon price in Spain.

Largest emitters

Top 9 oil refining CO2 emitters in Spain

#	Facility	Owner	t CO2/yr (est. 2023)	Indicative value
1	Repsol Bilbao Refinery	Repsol	2,566,756	€198.7M
2	Repsol Cartagena Refinery	Repsol	2,566,756	€198.7M
3	CEPSA La Rabida Refinery	Cepsa	2,216,744	€171.6M
4	CEPSA Gibraltar-San Roque Refinery	Cepsa	2,211,146	€171.1M
5	Repsol Tarragona Refinery	Repsol	2,170,075	€168.0M
6	Repsol Puertollano Refinery	REPSOL	1,750,061	€135.5M
7	Repsol A Coruna Refinery	Repsol	1,400,049	€108.4M
8	BP Castellon Refinery	BP PLC	1,283,378	€99.3M
9	ASESA Tarragona Asphalt Refinery	Asfaltos Españoles SA	168,475	€13.0M

Climate TRACE satellite estimates via IndustryAtlas — modelled, not verified; some entries aggregate clusters. Corrections welcome.

⬇ This table (CSV)🖨 PDF for management

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Same industry, other countries

Oil refining in United States

186,505,868 t CO2/yr

Oil refining in China

178,383,452 t CO2/yr

Oil refining in India

70,283,893 t CO2/yr

Oil refining in Russian Federation

59,137,040 t CO2/yr

Oil refining in Saudi Arabia

33,605,972 t CO2/yr

Other industries in Spain

Cement in Spain

11,568,471 t CO2/yr

Food, beverage & tobacco in Spain

8,147,820 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in Spain

6,726,701 t CO2/yr

Metals (other) in Spain

1,769,000 t CO2/yr

Textiles, leather & apparel in Spain

322,834 t CO2/yr

FAQ

Questions

How many oil refining facilities does Spain have with tracked emissions?

9 facilities carry satellite-based CO2 estimates in our dataset (Climate TRACE 2023), totalling ≈16,333,440 t CO2/yr.

What is the largest oil refining emitter in Spain?

Repsol Bilbao Refinery — ≈2,566,756 t CO2/yr (est. 2023). Estimates are modelled, not verified declarations.

What would this CO2 cost at the EU price?

≈€1,264M per year at €77.4/t — indicative full-price value; actual cost depends on free allocation and the local instrument.

How this page is built: heat-loss figures follow ASTM C680 / ISO 12241 (the method behind our public calculators); facility emissions from Climate TRACE & EU ETS verified data across 30,000+ industrial sites; the 2026–2034 schedule is Regulation (EU) 2023/956, not a forecast. Published by Inzonex — manufacturer of modular removable insulation (UK Patent GB2508992.1). Spotted an error? Tell us — we correct on evidence.