Insulation standards — what each one actually governs

The calculation standard: steady-state heat gain/loss and surface temperatures of insulated flat, cylindrical and spherical systems.

The fabrication standard for flexible removable/reusable blanket insulation: materials, seams, closures, dimensional practice and quality requirements for engineered covers.

The product standard for moulded mineral-fibre pipe sections: five grades by maximum use temperature (up to 650 °C class), with λ limits per grade at stated mean temperatures, dimensions per ASTM C585.

The harmonised European product standard for mineral-wool thermal insulation for building equipment and industrial installations: declared thermal conductivity (λD at mean temperatures), maximum service temperature classification, water absorption, chloride content classes (important over stainless — AS-quality), reaction to fire (typically A1).