Hana Substation — United States of America

Hana Substation is a 2 MW oil power plant in Hawaii, United States of America. It is operated by Maui Electric Co Ltd. Based on reported annual generation of 0 GWh, it can supply roughly 28 homes. It ranks #8948 of 10,884 United States of America power plants by installed capacity. Commissioned in 2001, it is around 25 years old — relatively modern. In context, oil supplies about 0.7% of United States of America's electricity; the national grid averages 384 gCO₂/kWh (43.0% low-carbon) (2025).

Plant data: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0), id USA0056055.

Data provenance

Source of the capacity and fuel values:

capacity: Wikidata P2109; fuel: WRI GPPD

In context: how this plant compares

At 2 MW, Hana Substation is below the median oil plant in United States of America (7.2 MW). Oil-fired plants burn heavy fuel oil or diesel, usually as peaking or backup capacity on islands and grids without gas pipelines; high fuel cost keeps their utilisation low.

Capacity comparison computed from the WRI Global Power Plant Database; fuel-type context is general engineering background.

Key facts

Load factor

1%, from 0 GWh of reported generation, in line with the 0% median for 469 oil plants in United States of America

Generation trend

0 GWh in 2013 and 0 GWh in 2019 (+0%)

Highest and lowest year

2015: 0 GWh; 2013: 0 GWh

Share of United States of America oil capacity

less than 0.1% of 40,022 MW across 902 plants in this dataset

Age among peers

565 of 877 dated oil plants in United States of America are older

Calculated from the capacity and generation records in this dataset (WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0)).

Reported generation trend

Annual generation (GWh), WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0).

Owner

Operated by Maui Electric Co Ltd.

Local climate & thermal context

This oil plant burns oil or diesel to drive turbines or reciprocating engines. It sits in a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af) — Northern Hemisphere, latitude 20.8°N — which shapes how much energy it can produce and how its output varies through the year.

Monthly mean temperature

This site has effectively no heating season (tropical/equatorial climate), so winter heat loss is not the driver here. The thermal concern shifts to year-round process heat and humidity/heat-driven corrosion of hot equipment.

Climate normals: WorldClim 2.1 (1970–2000 monthly normals, 10 arc-min, CC BY 4.0); zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid). Degree-days & heat-demand index computed by PowerAtlas — a modelled heat-demand proxy, not a measured site figure.

Site climate & environmental severity

This site sits in an aggressive, high-corrosion environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C5 — Very high), with marine salt corrosion the leading environmental stress.

Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.

How it compares & nearby plants

The #750 largest oil power plant of 902 in United States of America by capacity.

United States of America has 902 oil power plants in this dataset, together about 40,022 MW of capacity.

Nearby power plants

• Paia Hydroelectric Plant · Hydro · 1.3 MW · Hawaii
• Auwahi Wind Energy Hybrid · Wind · 35 MW · Hawaii
• Kaheka Hydro · Hydro · 4.5 MW · Hawaii
• Kihei Solar Farm · Solar · 2.9 MW · Hawaii
• Hawaiian Comm & Sugar Puunene Mill · Waste · 62.1 MW · Hawaii
• Kahului · Oil · 34 MW · Hawaii

Location

Coordinates 20.7658, -155.9961 from WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). View on OpenStreetMap.

Frequently asked questions