Where every number comes from

Every figure on this hub is dated and sourced. This page lists the sources, the update cadence, and — just as important — what we do NOT know precisely.

Calculate your carbon bill →All countries

Carbon prices

Market	Price	As of	Source
EU ETS (EUA)	€77.4	11 Jun 2026	Trading Economics (ICE futures)
CBAM certificate	€75.36	Q1 2026	European Commission — official quarterly price
UK ETS (UKA)	≈£55	mid-2025 level	ICE / Statista
China ETS (CEA)	¥86.13	31 Mar 2025	Argus Media
California (CCA)	$29.27	Feb 2025 auction	CARB auction results

Prices are snapshots, not live feeds — the as-of date is printed wherever a price is used. National tax rates: World Bank State & Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025 and ICAP Allowance Price Explorer; approximate rates are marked with ≈.

The 2026–2034 schedule

The free-allocation phase-out and CBAM phase-in are not our model — they are Annex provisions of Regulation (EU) 2023/956: 2.5% payable in 2026 → 48.5% in 2030 → 100% in 2034. Any future EU amendment would change these numbers; we track the regulation as in force.

Inzonex removable modular insulation on industrial equipment

Cut the tonnes at the source

Hot industrial equipment? Cut the heat loss.

Boilers, kilns, heat exchangers, valves and steam lines lose energy continuously. Inzonex makes patented (UK GB2508992.1) removable modular insulation — snap-fastened covers engineered per temperature tier, not generic off-the-shelf jackets:

Up to 90% less heat loss from insulated surfaces
Surface temperature ≤45 °C — touch-safe for workers (EN ISO 13732-1)
6× faster maintenance access than fixed cut-and-weld lagging — unclips and refits in minutes, no destruction
Inspectable — comes off to check for corrosion under insulation, then refits like-new (generic jackets often don't survive removal)
Typical payback under 2 years (some 9–11 months)

See Inzonex process-equipment insulation →Run the savings study

Sector intensity benchmarks (calculator defaults)

Sector	Default	Notes
Cement	0.70 t CO2/t cement	clinker-driven; range 0.5–0.9
Steel — BF-BOF	1.90 t CO2/t steel	integrated route; range 1.8–2.2
Steel — EAF	0.40 t CO2/t steel	scrap-based, direct; grid-dependent
Aluminium	1.60 t CO2/t Al	smelting direct; indirect (power) can add ~10 t
Ammonia/fertilizer	2.00 t CO2/t NH3	SMR route; range 1.6–2.4
Power — gas CCGT	0.37 t CO2/MWh	55–60% efficiency
Power — coal	0.95 t CO2/MWh	subcritical–supercritical range

Typical literature/benchmark values (IEA, EU ETS benchmarks) for indicative calculation only — your verified MRV data replaces them in any real assessment, and the calculator lets you enter t CO2 directly.

Facility emissions on country pages

Facility tables use Climate TRACE satellite-derived estimates (2023 vintage) — independent, global, but modelled: individual-facility error can be ±20-30%. They are labeled «est.» everywhere and are NOT verified declarations. EU installations' verified EU ETS data exists separately at registry level. If a figure for your facility looks wrong, tell us — we correct on evidence.

What we don't know

Your real embedded emissions — only your MRV data gives them.
Free-allocation per installation (benchmark × activity level × carbon-leakage factor) — we model the sector schedule, not your allocation letter.
Actual export shares — CBAM applies only to EU-bound volume.
Future prices — the slider is a scenario tool, not a forecast.

Source: Inzonex Carbon Hub — inzonex.co.uk/carbon · prices dated as shown on each figure · schedule per Regulation (EU) 2023/956 · indicative analytics, not compliance advice.