Iron & steel in Spain: emitters, CO2 & carbon value

14 tracked facilities, ≈6,726,701 t CO2/yr combined — here are the largest, what that CO2 is worth at current prices, and the sector's reduction pathway. Full sector pathway: decarbonizing iron & steel.

The numbers

Iron & steel in Spain at a glance

Metric	Value	Note
Facilities tracked	14	with CO2 estimates
Total est. CO2	6,726,701 t/yr	Climate TRACE 2023
Average per facility	480,479 t/yr
Gross value (full price)	€507M/yr	all tracked CO2 × €75.36/t CBAM ref — before free allocation / EU-bound share

Carbon pricing here: No general CO2 tax (small F-gas tax only) — EU ETS is the carbon price. Current benchmark: €80.01/t (July 13, 2026). Full country page: carbon price in Spain.

Largest emitters

Top 10 iron & steel CO2 emitters in Spain

#	Facility	Owner	t CO2/yr (est. 2023)	Indicative value
1	ArcelorMittal Asturias (Aviles) steel plant	ArcelorMittal España SA	3,891,500	€293.3M
2	ArcelorMittal Asturias (Gijón) steel plant	ArcelorMittal España SA	1,822,038	€137.3M
3	ArcelorMittal Sestao steel plant	Arcelormittal Sestao SL	315,452	€23.8M
4	Acerinox Europa Los Barrios steel plant	Acerinox Europa SAU	120,273	€9.1M
5	Celsa Barcelona Castellbisbal steel plant	Compania Espanola de Laminacion SL	116,543	€8.8M
6	ArcelorMittal Olaberria-Bergara (Olaberria) steel plant	Arcelormittal Olaberria-Bergara SL	75,369	€5.7M
7	Megasa Siderúrgica Narón steel plant	Megasa Siderurgica SL	70,159	€5.3M
8	Grupo Gallardo Siderurgica Balboa Jerez de los Caballeros steel plant	AG Siderurgica Balboa SA	60,603	€4.6M
9	Riva Siderurgica Sevillana steel plant	Siderurgica Sevillana SA	60,603	€4.6M
10	Megasider Zaragoza steel plant	Megasider Zaragoza SA	50,114	€3.8M

Climate TRACE satellite estimates via IndustryAtlas — modelled, not verified; some entries aggregate clusters. Corrections welcome.

⬇ This table (CSV)🖨 PDF for management

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Same industry, other countries

Iron & steel in China

1,317,489,541 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in India

188,820,298 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in Japan

101,526,243 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in Russian Federation

86,914,845 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in South Korea

81,601,450 t CO2/yr

Other industries in Spain

Oil refining in Spain

16,333,440 t CO2/yr

Cement in Spain

11,568,471 t CO2/yr

Food, beverage & tobacco in Spain

4,573,680 t CO2/yr

Metals (other) in Spain

1,769,000 t CO2/yr

FAQ

Questions

How many iron & steel facilities does Spain have with tracked emissions?

14 facilities carry satellite-based CO2 estimates in our dataset (Climate TRACE 2023), totalling ≈6,726,701 t CO2/yr.

What is the largest iron & steel emitter in Spain?

ArcelorMittal Asturias (Aviles) steel plant — ≈3,891,500 t CO2/yr (est. 2023). Estimates are modelled, not verified declarations.

What would this CO2 cost at the CBAM price?

The gross full-price value is ≈€507M/yr (all tracked CO2 × €75.36/t CBAM ref). Actual CBAM liability is far smaller: it falls only on emissions embedded in EU-bound exports, and only on the phased-in share — 2.5% in 2026 rising to 100% by 2034 (Reg (EU) 2023/956).

How this page is built: heat-loss figures follow ASTM C680 / ISO 12241 (the method behind our public calculators); facility emissions from Climate TRACE & EU ETS verified data across 30,000+ industrial sites; the 2026–2034 schedule is Regulation (EU) 2023/956, not a forecast. Published by Inzonex Research. Spotted an error? Tell us — we correct on evidence.