Iron & steel in Canada: emitters, CO2 & carbon value

8 tracked facilities, ≈13,515,276 t CO2/yr combined — here are the largest, what that CO2 is worth at current prices, and the sector's reduction pathway. Full sector pathway: decarbonizing iron & steel.

The numbers

Iron & steel in Canada at a glance

Metric	Value	Note
Facilities tracked	8	with CO2 estimates
Total est. CO2	13,515,276 t/yr	Climate TRACE 2023
Average per facility	1,689,410 t/yr
Gross value (full price)	€1,019M/yr	all tracked CO2 × €75.36/t CBAM ref — before free allocation / EU-bound share

Carbon pricing here: Industrial OBPS systems continue (≈C$80/t trajectory, 2025); consumer fuel charge removed Apr 2025. Current benchmark: no liquid market price. Full country page: carbon price in Canada.

Largest emitters

Top 8 iron & steel CO2 emitters in Canada

#	Facility	Owner	t CO2/yr (est. 2023)	Indicative value
1	Algoma steel plant	Algoma Steel Group Inc	4,932,009	€371.7M
2	Cleveland-Cliffs Lake Erie steel plant	Cleveland-Cliffs Inc	3,642,472	€274.5M
3	ArcelorMittal Dofasco steel plant	ArcelorMittal Dofasco GP	3,094,399	€233.2M
4	ArcelorMittal Montreal steel plant	ArcelorMittal Long Products Canada GP	933,302	€70.3M
5	Rio Tinto Fer et Titane steel plant	Rio Tinto Iron and Titanium Canada Inc	673,836	€50.8M
6	Evraz Regina Steel plant	Evraz North America PLC	124,230	€9.4M
7	Gerdau Whitby Steel Mill	Gerdau Ameristeel Corp	72,303	€5.4M
8	Ivaco Rolling Mills steel plant	Ivaco Rolling Mills 2004 LP	42,725	€3.2M

Climate TRACE satellite estimates via IndustryAtlas — modelled, not verified; some entries aggregate clusters. Corrections welcome.

⬇ This table (CSV)🖨 PDF for management

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Same industry, other countries

Iron & steel in China

1,317,489,541 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in India

188,820,298 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in Japan

101,526,243 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in Russian Federation

86,914,845 t CO2/yr

Iron & steel in South Korea

81,601,450 t CO2/yr

Other industries in Canada

Oil & gas production in Canada

252,343,963 t CO2/yr

Oil refining in Canada

FAQ

Questions

How many iron & steel facilities does Canada have with tracked emissions?

8 facilities carry satellite-based CO2 estimates in our dataset (Climate TRACE 2023), totalling ≈13,515,276 t CO2/yr.

What is the largest iron & steel emitter in Canada?

Algoma steel plant — ≈4,932,009 t CO2/yr (est. 2023). Estimates are modelled, not verified declarations.

What would this CO2 cost at the CBAM price?

The gross full-price value is ≈€1,019M/yr (all tracked CO2 × €75.36/t CBAM ref). Actual CBAM liability is far smaller: it falls only on emissions embedded in EU-bound exports, and only on the phased-in share — 2.5% in 2026 rising to 100% by 2034 (Reg (EU) 2023/956).

How this page is built: heat-loss figures follow ASTM C680 / ISO 12241 (the method behind our public calculators); facility emissions from Climate TRACE & EU ETS verified data across 30,000+ industrial sites; the 2026–2034 schedule is Regulation (EU) 2023/956, not a forecast. Published by Inzonex Research. Spotted an error? Tell us — we correct on evidence.