UPPER KOLAB — India

UPPER KOLAB is a 320 MW hydro power station in Odisha, India. It is operated by Odisha Hydro Power Corp Ltd [100%]. Based on reported annual generation of 919 GWh, it can supply roughly 262k homes. It ranks #621 of 2,225 India power plants by installed capacity. Commissioned in 1990, it is around 36 years old — long-established. As a non-combustion source, it has no direct CO₂ emissions from generation. In context, hydro supplies about 8.6% of India's electricity; the national grid averages 670 gCO₂/kWh (26.7% low-carbon) (2025).

Plant data: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0), id IND0000482.

Data provenance

Source of the capacity and fuel values:

capacity: GEM · 2026 · L100000602082; fuel: WRI GPPD

In context: how this plant compares

At 320 MW, UPPER KOLAB is well above the median hydro plant in India (80 MW). Technically it is described as conventional storage. Hydropower converts the energy of falling or flowing water into electricity; output depends on rainfall and reservoir level, and large dams also provide grid balancing and storage.

Capacity comparison computed from the WRI Global Power Plant Database; fuel-type context is general engineering background.

Key facts

Load factor

33%, from 919 GWh of reported generation; the median for 173 hydro plants in India that report generation is 35%

Generation trend

731 GWh in 2014 and 919 GWh in 2018 (+26%)

Highest and lowest year

2018: 919 GWh; 2016: 616 GWh

Share of India hydro capacity

0.7% of 45,527 MW across 233 plants in this dataset

Age among peers

109 of 233 dated hydro plants in India are older

Calculated from the capacity and generation records in this dataset (WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0)).

Reported generation trend

Annual generation (GWh), WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0).

Owner

Operated by Odisha Hydro Power Corp Ltd [100%].

Local climate & thermal context

This hydro plant converts the energy of falling or flowing water through hydro turbines. It sits in a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw) — Northern Hemisphere, latitude 18.8°N — which shapes how much energy it can produce and how its output varies through the year.

Monthly mean temperature

This site has effectively no heating season (tropical/equatorial climate), so winter heat loss is not the driver here. The thermal concern shifts to year-round process heat and humidity/heat-driven corrosion of hot equipment.

Climate normals: WorldClim 2.1 (1970–2000 monthly normals, 10 arc-min, CC BY 4.0); zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid). Degree-days & heat-demand index computed by PowerAtlas — a modelled heat-demand proxy, not a measured site figure.

Site climate & environmental severity

This site sits in a corrosive environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C4 — High), with humidity / wetness the leading environmental stress.

Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.

How it compares & nearby plants

The #40 largest hydro power plant of 233 in India by capacity.

India has 233 hydro power plants in this dataset, together about 45,527 MW of capacity.

Nearby power plants

• MACHKUND · Hydro · 114.8 MW · Odisha
• Jagdalpur Steel captive power station · Coal · 250 MW · Chhattisgarh
• Utkal Smelter power station · Coal · 90 MW · Odisha
• UPPAR INDRAVATI · Hydro · 600 MW · Odisha
• BALIMELA · Hydro · 510 MW · Odisha
• Komarada power station · Coal · 2,640 MW · Andhra Pradesh

Location

Coordinates 18.8315, 82.5934 from WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). View on OpenStreetMap.

Frequently asked questions