Alpine industry pays EU ETS; national ETS covers heating/transport.
National ETS for non-EU-ETS fuels: ≈€55/t (2025, World Bank State & Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025 / ICAP 2025).
At the EU ETS price of €80.01/t, this CO2 corresponds to an indicative carbon value of:
| Facility | Sector | t CO2/yr (est. 2023) | Gross value (full) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Voestalpine Stahl Linz steel plant | 10,095,584 | €760.8M | |
| Voestalpine Stahl Donawitz steel plant | 1,335,721 | €100.7M | |
| Linz Melamine and Fertilizers Complex | 752,400 | €56.7M | |
| OMV AG , Schwechat | 626,939 | €47.2M | |
| Gartenau Cement Plant | 367,592 | €27.7M |
Gross value = all tracked CO2 × the carbon price; it is a ranking aid, not a liability. Emissions: Climate TRACE satellite estimates (2023) — indicative, not verified declarations. CBAM falls only on emissions embedded in EU-bound exports, at the phased-in share (2.5% in 2026 → 100% by 2034). More: IndustryAtlas.
Cut the bill at the source: heat-loss elimination via removable insulation typically saves 2–5% of fuel-related CO2 with <2-year payback — run the savings study or read the industrial insulation guide.
Share of industrial emissions EU plants must PAY for (free allocation phased out). Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/956.