Kwinana Alumina Refinery — Australia
Aluminium Smelter in Australia. Approximate location -32.18945, 115.77649.
Aluminium SmelterAustraliaCO₂ estimate (modelled)
Kwinana Alumina Refinery is an aluminium smelter in Australia. Aluminium smelters use large electric currents to refine alumina into molten aluminium above 900°C, and the hot metal must flow through crucibles and casting equipment. It is operated by Alcoa Corp. It emits about 2,885,850 t CO₂e a year from Climate TRACE. That is 6.4% of the CO₂e from the 30 facilities in Australia that have an emissions figure in IndustryAtlas.
Facility data: Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0), id ct-43765020.
Data status
Known source data
Calculated from the dataset
Not available
Source data, measured cross-checks and calculated values are kept separate. No confidence percentage is invented.
Similar facilities by modelled emissions
- Gansu Dongxing Jiujia aluminium plant · 2,888,063 t CO₂e/yr · China
- Guiyang Qingzhen Alumina Refinery · 2,954,079 t CO₂e/yr · China
- Chongqing Municipality · 3,095,299 t CO₂e/yr · China
- Luoyang Prefecture City · 3,095,299 t CO₂e/yr · China
- Pavlodar Alumina Refinery (KAS) · 3,134,601 t CO₂e/yr · Kazakhstan
Same Climate TRACE subsector; closest non-placeholder modelled CO₂e values. Russia and Belarus excluded.
Operating power plants within 50 km
- Kwinana (Alcoa Refinery) · Gas · 74 MW · 1 km
- Kwinana · Gas · 21 MW · 1 km
- Kwinana High Efficiency Gas Turbine Plant · Gas · 200 MW · 1 km
- Cockburn · Gas · 240 MW · 1 km
- Kwinana NewGen · Gas · 320 MW · 1 km
PowerAtlas operating assets, ordered by great-circle distance from published coordinates.
In context: how this facility compares
Subsector: aluminum. As aluminium smelter, it requires high process heat (typically 600–900°C) for its core industrial operations, supplied by boilers, furnaces or direct combustion. Aluminium smelters use large electric currents to refine alumina into molten aluminium above 900°C, and the hot metal must flow through crucibles and casting equipment.
Capacity & CO₂-intensity comparison computed from Climate TRACE industrial facilities data; sector role based on engineering reference.
What 2,885,850 t CO₂e a year looks like
This facility's estimated annual CO₂e (Climate TRACE, modelled) in everyday equivalents from the US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies calculator:
Equivalencies: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies. Emissions: Climate TRACE.
Carbon cost and Scope 1 emissions
At its reported 2.9M t CO₂e/yr (Scope 1), Kwinana Alumina Refinery carries no domestic carbon price — and as a CBAM-covered product, its 2.9M t at the EU CBAM rate (€75/t) is €217M/yr of exposure on EU-bound exports. CBAM share rises from 2.5% (2026) to 100% by 2034. No domestic carbon price — but cement, steel, aluminium, fertilizer and hydrogen exported to the EU face CBAM at €75/t (rising to 100% by 2034).
Carbon price: EU CBAM €75/t · EU ETS €85/t, September 10, 2026, refreshed live via Carbon Hub. CO₂: Climate TRACE. Indicative carbon value, not the cash bill — free allocation applies; not compliance advice.
Operator
Operated by Alcoa Corp. All facilities by this operator →
Local climate
Kwinana Alumina Refinery sits in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate zone (Köppen Csa), at 32.2°S in the southern hemisphere.
Köppen zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid).
Site climate & environmental severity
This site sits in an aggressive, high-corrosion environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C5 — Very high), with marine salt corrosion the leading environmental stress.
In this site’s local climate, a bare 150 °C surface sheds about 1317 W/m² to ambient — roughly 1.01× the loss at a 20 °C reference. Reference-surface calculation at a 150 °C surface from WorldClim climate normals (ASTM C680 / ISO 12241) — an indicative per-climate comparison, not a measurement of this site’s specific equipment. Open method dataset: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20787408 (CC BY 4.0).
Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.
How it compares & nearby sites
Nearby industrial sites
- BP Kwinana Refinery · Refinery
- Kwinana Town · Aluminium Smelter · 580,845 t CO₂
- Murray Shire · Aluminium Smelter · 1,452,112 t CO₂
- Pinjarra Alcoa Alumina Refinery · Aluminium Smelter · 5,593,000 t CO₂
- Waroona Shire · Aluminium Smelter · 813,183 t CO₂
- Wagerup Alumina Refinery · Aluminium Smelter · 3,804,075 t CO₂
Location
Coordinates -32.18945, 115.77649. View on OpenStreetMap.
Frequently asked questions
What type of facility is Kwinana Alumina Refinery?
Kwinana Alumina Refinery is a aluminium smelter in Australia. Aluminium smelters use large electric currents to refine alumina into molten aluminium above 900°C, and the hot metal must flow through crucibles and casting equipment.
How much CO₂ does Kwinana Alumina Refinery emit?
The page uses about 2,885,850 t CO₂e/year from the open dataset It ranks #6 among facilities in Australia by estimated CO₂.
Where is Kwinana Alumina Refinery located?
Kwinana Alumina Refinery is in Australia at approximately -32.18945, 115.77649.
Who operates Kwinana Alumina Refinery?
The operator recorded in the open dataset is Alcoa Corp.