Turkmenbashy Oil Processing Complex (TOPC) Refinery — Turkmenistan

Turkmenbashy Oil Processing Complex (TOPC) Refinery is a refinery in Turkmenistan. Its listed capacity is 116,000 BBL per day. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery. It is operated by Turkmennebit. By capacity it ranks #2 among 2 oil refineries in Turkmenistan. It emits about 538,362 t CO₂e a year from Climate TRACE. That is 11% of the CO₂e from the 9 facilities in Turkmenistan that have an emissions figure in IndustryAtlas. Its CO₂ per unit of capacity is 46% below the national median for this sector.

Facility data: Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0), id ct-1753815.

In context: how this facility compares

At 116,000 BBL per day, Turkmenbashy Oil Processing Complex (TOPC) Refinery is around the median refinery in Turkmenistan (120,000 BBL per day). Subsector: oil-and-gas-refining. As refinery, it requires high process heat (typically 200–600°C) for its core industrial operations, supplied by boilers, furnaces or direct combustion. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery.

Capacity & CO₂-intensity comparison computed from Climate TRACE industrial facilities data; sector role based on engineering reference.

What 538,362 t CO₂e a year looks like

This facility's estimated annual CO₂e (Climate TRACE, modelled) in everyday equivalents from the US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies calculator:

Equivalencies: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies. Emissions: Climate TRACE.

Capacity vs largest oil refineries in Turkmenistan

Listed capacity (BBL per day), Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0).

Operator

Operated by Turkmennebit. All facilities by this operator →

Local climate

Turkmenbashy Oil Processing Complex (TOPC) Refinery sits in a cold desert climate zone (Köppen BWk), at 40.0°N in the northern hemisphere.

Köppen zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid).

Site climate & environmental severity

This site sits in a corrosive environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C4 — High), with dust abrasion the leading environmental stress.

In this site’s local climate, a bare 150 °C surface sheds about 1350 W/m² to ambient — roughly 1.04× the loss at a 20 °C reference. Reference-surface calculation at a 150 °C surface from WorldClim climate normals (ASTM C680 / ISO 12241) — an indicative per-climate comparison, not a measurement of this site’s specific equipment. Open method dataset: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20787408 (CC BY 4.0).

Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.

How it compares & nearby sites

The #2 largest of 2 oil refineries in Turkmenistan by listed capacity (Climate TRACE).

Nearby industrial sites

• Kiyanly Gas Chemical Complex, Kiyanly · Petrochemical · 366,442 t CO₂
• Jebel Cement Plant · Cement Plant · 530,823 t CO₂
• TKM-Türkmenbaşy_methanol · Chemical Plant · 3,753 t CO₂

Location

Coordinates 40.0229, 52.96601. View on OpenStreetMap.

Frequently asked questions