Refinery in Italy. Approximate location 43.58738, 10.3374.
RefineryItalyCO₂ estimate (modelled)
ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is a refinery in Italy. Its listed capacity is 88,400 BBL per day. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery. It is operated by Eni SpA. By capacity it ranks #5 among 7 oil refineries in Italy. It emits about 39,101 t CO₂e a year from Climate TRACE, roughly comparable to the annual emissions of 9.1k passenger cars. Its CO₂ per unit of capacity is 95% below the national median for this sector.
Facility data: Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0), id ct-3143970.
Source data, measured cross-checks and calculated values are kept separate. No confidence percentage is invented.
Same Climate TRACE subsector; closest non-placeholder modelled CO₂e values. Russia and Belarus excluded.
PowerAtlas operating assets, ordered by great-circle distance from published coordinates.
At 88,400 BBL per day, ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is around the median refinery in Italy (88,400 BBL per day). Subsector: oil-and-gas-refining. As refinery, it requires high process heat (typically 200–600°C) for its core industrial operations — heat that must be supplied by boilers, furnaces or direct combustion, and losses through uninsulated vessels and piping represent wasted fuel. Removable modular insulation can cut those losses by 80–96%, surface-cooling equipment to ≤45°C, with payback often under 2 years. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery.
Capacity & CO₂-intensity comparison computed from Climate TRACE industrial facilities data; sector role based on engineering reference.
This facility's estimated annual CO₂e (Climate TRACE, modelled) in everyday equivalents from the US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies calculator:
Equivalencies: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies. Emissions: Climate TRACE.
At its reported 39k t CO₂e/yr (Scope 1), ENI Livorno Oil Refinery carries €3.1M/yr of carbon at the full EU ETS price (€79/t CO₂). Free allocation phases out to 2034 (Reg. (EU) 2023/956), so today's bill is lower and rising toward this full-price figure. The fastest decarbonization lever is energy efficiency: eliminating heat loss on hot equipment (removable insulation, steam & waste-heat recovery) typically cuts 2–5% of fuel-related CO₂ — here ≈782 t–2k t/yr, worth €62k–€155k, with payback up to 2 years.
Carbon price: EU ETS €79/t · EU ETS €79/t, July 2, 2026, refreshed live via Carbon Hub. CO₂: Climate TRACE. Efficiency range: US DOE / ASTM C680 (method). Indicative carbon value, not the cash bill — free allocation applies; not compliance advice. Estimate the saving for this site →
Listed capacity (BBL per day), Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0).
Operated by Eni SpA. All facilities by this operator →
ENI Livorno Oil Refinery sits in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate zone (Köppen Csa), at 43.6°N in the northern hemisphere.
Köppen zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid).
The local climate sets how fast unprotected steel, protective coatings and the insulation on hot process equipment degrade at this site. It sits in a corrosive environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C4 — High), with marine corrosion the leading environmental stress.
In this site’s local climate, a bare 150 °C surface sheds about 1356 W/m² to ambient — roughly 1.04× the loss at a 20 °C reference; removable insulation recovers about 1288 W/m² of that. Reference-surface calculation at a 150 °C surface from WorldClim climate normals (ASTM C680 / ISO 12241) — an indicative per-climate comparison, not a measurement of this site’s specific equipment. Open method dataset: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20787408 (CC BY 4.0).
Higher environmental severity is exactly where protective removable insulation pays back most: a sheltered micro-climate slows corrosion, UV and thermal-cycling damage and extends outdoor hardware service life. This is an indicative site-climate context — not a condition assessment of any specific plant or operator.
Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.
The #5 largest of 7 oil refineries in Italy by listed capacity (Climate TRACE).
Coordinates 43.58738, 10.3374. View on OpenStreetMap.
For a refinery, the main modular-insulation targets are crude & vacuum distillation columns, fired heaters, heat exchangers, steam lines, valves & flanges. Typical hot-surface ranges used for screening: 150–550 °C.
A first-pass insulation screen suggests about 31,000 MWh/year of recoverable heat-loss reduction and about 6,200 t CO₂e/year of avoided emissions. Screening estimate scaled from installed process-heat projects and surface-temperature reduction data.
See Inzonex Modular Insulation → Run the calculator →
Screening calculation from facility class, capacity and open emissions/energy context. Engineering survey required before procurement.
Start with a thermal survey of valves, flanges, doors and bends. Removable modular insulation keeps maintenance access open while lowering exposed-surface temperature and wasted heat.
Funding. MIMIT plan (~EUR 12.7B): tax credits for efficiency/decarbonization investments (requires a certified energy diagnosis to access). official source · verified 2026
Status: Plan window/budget evolving — confirm current terms.
Obligation. Mandatory energy diagnosis every 4 yrs for large enterprises (>250 staff or >EUR 50M) and energy-intensive companies (>10 TJ/yr from 2026); ENEA penalties up to EUR 40,000. (applies as a rule above the stated threshold — we do not hold this site's metered energy use). official source · verified 2026
Programme terms verified 2026-06-18; confirm the current open phase before applying. Eligibility depends on a site's energy use / headcount, which we do not hold — not a per-facility eligibility determination.
ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is a refinery in Italy. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery.
The open dataset lists 88,400 BBL per day of capacity for ENI Livorno Oil Refinery.
The page uses about 39,101 t CO₂e/year from the open dataset It ranks #68 among facilities in Italy by estimated CO₂.
ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is in Italy at approximately 43.58738, 10.3374.
The operator recorded in the open dataset is Eni SpA.
