ENI Livorno Oil Refinery — Italy

ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is a refinery in Italy. Its listed capacity is 88,400 BBL per day. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery. It is operated by Eni SpA. By capacity it ranks #5 among 7 oil refineries in Italy. It emits about 39,101 t CO₂e a year from Climate TRACE. That is 0.10% of the CO₂e from the 70 facilities in Italy that have an emissions figure in IndustryAtlas. Its CO₂ per unit of capacity is 95% below the national median for this sector.

Facility data: Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0), id ct-3143970.

In context: how this facility compares

At 88,400 BBL per day, ENI Livorno Oil Refinery is around the median refinery in Italy (88,400 BBL per day). Subsector: oil-and-gas-refining. As refinery, it requires high process heat (typically 200–600°C) for its core industrial operations, supplied by boilers, furnaces or direct combustion. Refineries heat, fractionate and chemically transform crude oil into fuels and petrochemical feedstocks through energy-intensive distillation and cracking — extremely demanding on steam generation and heat recovery.

Capacity & CO₂-intensity comparison computed from Climate TRACE industrial facilities data; sector role based on engineering reference.

What 39,101 t CO₂e a year looks like

This facility's estimated annual CO₂e (Climate TRACE, modelled) in everyday equivalents from the US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies calculator:

Equivalencies: US EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies. Emissions: Climate TRACE.

Capacity vs largest oil refineries in Italy

Listed capacity (BBL per day), Climate TRACE v6 (asset-level capacity & CO₂e, CC BY 4.0).

Operator

Operated by Eni SpA. All facilities by this operator →

Local climate

ENI Livorno Oil Refinery sits in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate zone (Köppen Csa), at 43.6°N in the northern hemisphere.

Köppen zone: Köppen-Geiger world climate classification (Kottek et al. 2006, 0.5° grid).

Site climate & environmental severity

This site sits in a corrosive environment (estimated ISO 9223 class C4 — High), with marine corrosion the leading environmental stress.

In this site’s local climate, a bare 150 °C surface sheds about 1356 W/m² to ambient — roughly 1.04× the loss at a 20 °C reference. Reference-surface calculation at a 150 °C surface from WorldClim climate normals (ASTM C680 / ISO 12241) — an indicative per-climate comparison, not a measurement of this site’s specific equipment. Open method dataset: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20787408 (CC BY 4.0).

Indicative estimate via the ISO 9223:2012 informative method (atmospheric corrosivity from temperature, time-of-wetness and airborne salinity), using WorldClim climate normals, the Köppen-Geiger class and coast distance. Indicative, not a measured corrosion rate.

How it compares & nearby sites

The #5 largest of 7 oil refineries in Italy by listed capacity (Climate TRACE).

Nearby industrial sites

• Fine Lime Of Savignano Sul Panaro Srl · Lime Plant
• Sicem Saga S.p.A. Pulp Mill · Pulp & Paper Mill
• Barilla G. E R. Fratelli Società Per Azioni · Food & Beverage
• Barilla G. E R. F.Lli S.P.A. (Solignano) · Food & Beverage
• Parmalat Spa · Food & Beverage
• Granarolo S.P.A - Sito Produttivo Di Bologna · Food & Beverage

Location

Coordinates 43.58738, 10.3374. View on OpenStreetMap.

Frequently asked questions