Os exportadores de ferro e aço enfrentam o diferencial do CBAM da UE acima do modesto imposto interno.
Imposto sobre o carbono ≈R190–236/t (≈€9–12, 2025, World Bank State & Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025 / ICAP 2025) com grandes isenções.
At the EU ETS price of €80.01/t, this CO2 corresponds to an indicative carbon value of:
| Instalação | Setor | t CO2/ano (est. 2023) | Gross value (full) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ArcelorMittal Vanderbijlpark Steel Works | 4,161,451 | €313.6M | |
| ArcelorMittal Newcastle Steel Works | 2,351,963 | €177.2M | |
| Richards Bay, Hillside aluminium plant | 1,602,048 | €120.7M | |
| ZAF-Gert Sibande_ammonia | 1,240,800 | €93.5M | |
| Sasol Polymers Secunda, Secunda | 1,151,305 | €86.8M |
Gross value = all tracked CO2 × the carbon price; it is a ranking aid, not a liability. Emissions: Climate TRACE satellite estimates (2023) — indicative, not verified declarations. CBAM falls only on emissions embedded in EU-bound exports, at the phased-in share (2.5% in 2026 → 100% by 2034). More: IndustryAtlas.
Corte a fatura na origem: a eliminação de perdas de calor com isolamento amovível poupa tipicamente 2–5% do CO2 ligado ao combustível com retorno <2 anos — execute o estudo de poupanças ou leia o guia de isolamento industrial.