PowerAtlas · CCGT & HRSG Fleet

Global CCGT & HRSG fleet: capacity, age, turbines & measured efficiency

Every combined-cycle gas turbine plant we can identify, with its heat-recovery steam generators — and, for US plants, the measured thermal efficiency and CO₂-intensity (EPA CEMS, not modelled). Five views below: fleet capacity, age & retirement, measured efficiency vs age, HRSG configuration vs efficiency, measured CO₂-intensity, and turbine-class generations.

2,813CCGT plants
2,067 GWcapacity · 134 countries
430US plants · measured efficiency
46.3%median measured efficiency (US)
Global · reported

1 · Where the fleet is — capacity by country

Top 15 countries by installed combined-cycle capacity (WRI + GEM). The US and China dominate; gas-heavy economies follow.

United States
437.5 GW
China
274.0 GW
Russia
79.1 GW
Vietnam
77.1 GW
Japan
73.4 GW
Saudi Arabia
65.8 GW
Italy
53.4 GW
Iran
51.5 GW
South Korea
49.8 GW
Brazil
47.6 GW
Mexico
47.6 GW
United Kingdom
44.9 GW
Thailand
39.8 GW
Bangladesh
36.2 GW
Germany
35.2 GW
Global · reported

2 · Fleet age & the retirement / repowering wave

Commissioning by decade. Most capacity was built in the 2000s–2010s and is entering the 20–30-year window where HRSG re-tubing, repowering or retirement is decided — the IEA/GEM-flagged decarbonisation pressure point. Bars past 2020 include announced & under-construction units.

1960s
49 plants
1970s
113 plants
1980s
127 plants
1990s
393 plants
2000s
718 plants
2010s
580 plants
2020s
427 plants
2030s
41 plants
2040s
2 plants
US · MEASURED (eGRID / EPA CEMS)

3 · Measured thermal efficiency vs commissioning era

Median measured net thermal efficiency of US combined-cycle plants by build decade — the climb from ~45% (1990s F-class) toward ~55–60% (2010s+ H-class). This is metered (heat input ÷ generation), not modelled. Efficiency × age is what sets the fuel-and-CO₂ prize from repowering.

1970s
38.3 %
1980s
43.2 %
1990s
42.1 %
2000s
46.3 %
2010s
49.0 %
US · MEASURED

4 · HRSG configuration vs measured efficiency

How HRSG design choices map to real efficiency. Duct-firing trades peak output for lower average efficiency; multi-pressure HRSGs (more units) tend to recover more heat. Medians over US plants with both attributes.

Duct-fired HRSG
46.7 %
No duct firing
45.7 %
1 HRSG unit(s)
46.4 %
2 HRSG unit(s)
46.0 %
3 HRSG unit(s)
46.4 %

Of 458 matched US plants, 319 run duct-fired HRSGs and 82 can bypass their HRSG for simple-cycle operation.

US · MEASURED

5 · Measured CO₂-intensity by era & turbine class

Median measured CO₂ output rate (kg per MWh, EPA CEMS) by build decade — newer, more-efficient plants emit less per unit. Right: measured efficiency by utilisation band — baseload plants run near design efficiency; peakers, cycling more, sit lower.

1970s
496 kg/MWh
1980s
425 kg/MWh
1990s
433 kg/MWh
2000s
398 kg/MWh
2010s
375 kg/MWh
Peaking (CF<0.3)
39.8 %
Mid-merit (0.3–0.6)
46.7 %
Baseload (CF>0.6)
49.0 %
Global · reported

6 · Turbine makers, technology generations & lifecycle (global, disclosed subset)

Among the 519 plants with disclosed turbine models (~18% of fleet — the disclosed subset, not the full market): the maker split, and the gas-turbine technology generation (H/J = newest & most efficient → E/legacy = oldest; indicative model→class mapping). Right: lifecycle status of the whole fleet.

GE
163 plants
Siemens
153 plants
Mitsubishi
58 plants
Ansaldo
27 plants
Alstom
6 plants
H/J-class (newest)
109 plants
F-class
100 plants
E / legacy (oldest)
74 plants
operating
2,125 plants
pre-construction
187 plants
announced
137 plants
construction
104 plants
mothballed
25 plants

Largest combined-cycle plants

#PlantCountryMWHRSGYearMeas. eff %
1Millenium power stationVietnam9,60022027
2Surgutskaya GRES-2Russia8,86521979
3Al-Nuwaiseeb power plantKuwait7,20022028
4Fermi America Project Matador power stationUnited States6,00052026
5Ca Na power stationVietnam6,00042026
6My Giang power stationVietnam6,0004
7Az Zour South CCGTKuwait5,80551987
8CHP-23Russia5,69021966
9SabiyaKuwait5,36651998
10Perm GRES power stationRussia5,06311986
11FuttsuJapan5,040211985
12Shuweihat S1United Arab Emirates4,88922005
13Higashi NiigataJapan4,81041972
14EDC Combined Cycle power stationCambodia4,8004
15Beni Suef power plantEgypt4,80042017
16Burullus power plantEgypt4,80042018
17New Capital power stationEgypt4,80042018
18Batubara power stationIndonesia4,80062024
19Besmaya power stationIraq4,80062017
20Thanh Hoa Power StationVietnam4,8006
21LNG Nghi Son power stationVietnam4,70062031
22Thai Binh Combined Cycle power stationVietnam4,50062028
23Tien Lang power stationVietnam4,5006
24KashimaJapan4,40032020
25Bang PakongThailand4,38431992
26West County Energy CenterUnited States4,2633200952.4
27GHAZLANSaudi Arabia4,25622003
28Hajr for Electricity Production Co. StationSaudi Arabia4,09862014
29Guangdong Shajiao power complexChina3,97021992
30ChitaJapan3,96621968

Top 30 of 2,813. Full table — all 32 fields incl. measured efficiency, CO₂-intensity, capacity factor, HRSG config — in the CSV.

Method, sources & provenance

A harmonised, deduplicated compilation. Fleet structure is reported fact; the efficiency & CO₂ figures are measured (US, EPA CEMS) — clearly separated, never modelled-as-measured.
Measured efficiency/CO₂ is US-only (no equivalent open metered source globally). Turbine models cover ~18%; turbine-class mapping is indicative. Treat as an analysis-ready compilation: reported structure + measured US operations.
Cite this dataset: Aheiev, D. — Inzonex PowerAtlas (2026). Global CCGT & HRSG Fleet Inventory with measured US efficiency & CO₂-intensity. Compiled from WRI GPPD, Global Energy Monitor, US EIA-860 and US EPA eGRID. CC BY 4.0. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20728928 · https://inzonex.co.uk/poweratlas/ccgt-hrsg-fleet/
Archived on Zenodo with the DOI above (CC BY 4.0). This page carries schema.org Dataset metadata (indexed by Google Dataset Search) and a machine-readable CSV — suitable for university library guides, energy-systems modelling and research reuse.

Download full data (CSV, 32 fields)Back to PowerAtlas