The ETS is the market; the regulator runs it and enforces MRV (DEHSt in Germany, UK ETS Authority, NEa in the Netherlands). Most countries pair the stick (ETS/audits) with carrots (grants, tax credits, white certificates).
De nuestra guía: Reguladores de Carbono e Incentivos de Descarbonización por País (2026) — contexto completo, gráficos y fuentes allí.
