{
  "dataset": "inzonex-carbon-food-ghg-factors",
  "version": "1.1.0",
  "checked_date": "2026-08-29",
  "row_count": 38,
  "scope": "Global mean greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of food product, from Poore and Nemecek (2018), processed by Our World in Data.",
  "source": {
    "id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
    "title": "Greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of food product",
    "authors": "Poore and Nemecek (2018), processed by Our World in Data",
    "source_page": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/ghg-per-kg-poore",
    "data_url": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/1206176.data.json",
    "metadata_url": "https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/1206176.metadata.json",
    "archive_url": "https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260727-131016/grapher/ghg-per-kg-poore.html",
    "original_doi": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216",
    "dataset_version": "2019-10-08",
    "api_metadata_updated_at": "2026-05-18T08:53:39.000Z",
    "checked_date": "2026-08-29",
    "license_note": "OWID processing is CC BY; original third-party data remains attributed to Poore and Nemecek.",
    "raw_data_sha256": "0227cb296cf68e9e8dddb6cc037b51d42bfbf82b2b2b0f2fd05215b5304933f1",
    "raw_metadata_sha256": "80e9a720df71da5826bc0279293df2717e475ac7928ea1bea966c66e0f9a7dbe"
  },
  "factors": [
    {
      "id": "35943",
      "entity": "Apples",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.43,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35921",
      "entity": "Bananas",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.86,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91246",
      "entity": "Barley",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.18,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91265",
      "entity": "Beef (beef herd)",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 99.48,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91266",
      "entity": "Beef (dairy herd)",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 33.3,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91249",
      "entity": "Beet Sugar",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.81,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91262",
      "entity": "Berries & Grapes",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.53,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91260",
      "entity": "Brassicas",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.51,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35922",
      "entity": "Cane Sugar",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 3.2,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91248",
      "entity": "Cassava",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.32,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "36002",
      "entity": "Cheese",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 23.88,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "34791",
      "entity": "Citrus Fruit",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.39,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35959",
      "entity": "Coffee",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 28.53,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91264",
      "entity": "Dark Chocolate",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 46.65,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "34801",
      "entity": "Eggs",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 4.67,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91269",
      "entity": "Fish (farmed)",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 13.63,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91252",
      "entity": "Groundnuts",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 3.23,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91267",
      "entity": "Lamb & Mutton",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 39.72,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "34803",
      "entity": "Maize",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.7,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "34653",
      "entity": "Milk",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 3.15,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35908",
      "entity": "Nuts",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.43,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91247",
      "entity": "Oatmeal",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 2.48,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91258",
      "entity": "Onions & Leeks",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.5,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91263",
      "entity": "Other Fruit",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.05,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91250",
      "entity": "Other Pulses",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.79,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91261",
      "entity": "Other Vegetables",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.53,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91251",
      "entity": "Peas",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.98,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35979",
      "entity": "Pig Meat",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 12.31,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35951",
      "entity": "Potatoes",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.46,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91268",
      "entity": "Poultry Meat",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 9.87,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "98413",
      "entity": "Prawns (farmed)",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 26.87,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "34809",
      "entity": "Rice",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 4.45,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91259",
      "entity": "Root Vegetables",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.43,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "246936",
      "entity": "Soy milk",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 0.98,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "204494",
      "entity": "Tofu",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 3.16,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35953",
      "entity": "Tomatoes",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 2.09,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "91245",
      "entity": "Wheat & Rye",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.57,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    },
    {
      "id": "35729",
      "entity": "Wine",
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 1.79,
      "unit": "kgCO\u2082eq per kilogram",
      "functional_unit": "1 kilogram of product",
      "geography": "Global mean",
      "source_id": "owid-poore-nemecek-food-ghg-2018",
      "value_basis": "GLOBAL_MEAN_META_ANALYSIS"
    }
  ],
  "boundary_note": "Stage-specific boundaries are not reproduced in the captured indicator metadata. This is not a cooked-meal or household cooking and waste estimate."
}